BCOS-184 IGNOU Handwritten Assignment 2026-27

Block 1: Basics of E-commerce

Understanding the fundamentals of online business, including e‑commerce models, market trends, and consumer behaviour.

• Types of e‑commerce models (B2B, B2C, C2C, etc.)
• Key components of an e‑commerce ecosystem
• Role of digital marketing in e‑commerce

Block 2: E‑Payment Systems

Exploring electronic payment mechanisms such as UPI, credit/debit card gateways, net banking, and mobile wallets.

• UPI architecture and security
• Payment gateway integration process
• Fraud detection and prevention in online payments

Block 3: Website Development and Hosting

Designing, developing, and hosting e‑commerce websites with focus on user experience and scalability.

• Front‑end technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript)
• Back‑end frameworks and database management
• Web hosting options and domain management

Block 4: Cyber Security and IT Act

Addressing security protocols, encryption, and legal compliance under the Information Technology Act.

• Encryption standards and SSL/TLS implementation
• Data protection and privacy regulations
• Legal responsibilities of e‑commerce operators

Block 5: Online Portal and Application

Developing mobile and web portals for seamless customer interaction and service delivery.

• Responsive design principles
• API integration for third‑party services
• User authentication and session management

FAQs

• What are the main e‑commerce business models?: The primary models are B2B (business‑to‑business), B2C (business‑to‑consumer), C2C (consumer‑to‑consumer), and B2G (business‑to‑government).
• How does UPI work in e‑commerce transactions?: UPI uses a unique virtual payment address linked to a bank account, enabling instant real‑time fund transfer across banks with strong encryption and two‑factor authentication.